The Summer Course organized by the Faculty of Agricultural Technology UGM has entered its 3rd day on Wednesday, August 10, 2022. The series of events on the third day started at 06.45, which started with an opening by the presenter. Then continued with the first session, namely the presentation of material by Prof. Tsuyoshi Okayama. After the first session ended, it was followed by a Virtual Field Trip and group discussion. The second session started at 10.00 and was hosted by Dr. Nathdanai Harnkarnsujarit. After the break session, the presentation of the material was continued by Prof. Hitoshi Shirakawa at 13:00 as the third session. Today’s activity ended with a material presentation from Dr. Shivani Pathania at 15.00.

The first session was presented by Prof. Tsuyoshi Okayama, entitled Smart Agriculture Implementation in Japan. In this session, accompanied by Dr. Mirwan Ushada, S.T.P, M.App.Life Sc. as a moderator, Prof. Tsuyoshi explained the agricultural situation in Japan, agricultural machines with autopilot technology, and drone functions in Japan. Japan is experiencing a decrease in the number and aging of farmers, with an increase in the area of ??land per farmer each year. The development of smart agriculture consisting of automation of agricultural machines, agricultural management systems, and 5G internet can ease the workload of farmers and increase the quality and quantity of production. In addition, Prof. Okayama also presented about robots and agricultural services used by Japan. The robot shown is a robot that is used to cut grass and harvest asparagus using image recognition. The agricultural service presented was Raas, a service robot that aims to be rented and paid for according to the harvested production.

Before moving into the next sessions, participants are welcome to see a virtual field trip with the theme of modernization of irrigation. This virtual field trip shows the irrigation conditions in the Bedegolan area, which have been modernized using SIPASI, an application for a decision support system. The data from the automatic water level monitoring system and automatic weather station are collected and sent to SIPASI using IoT technology. Farmers use the data obtained to estimate water requirements for land irrigation. After seeing the footage of the field trip, the participants were divided into several breakout rooms according to their respective groups. In the breakout room, the participants discussed the topic of a virtual trip, then each group of participants would make a presentation on the discussion results.

The second presentation was given by Dr. Nathdanai Harnkarnsujarit with the title Sustainable Packaging Technology for Agricultural and Food Products in Modern Living with Dr. Manikharda, S.T.P., M.Agr as moderator. Dr. Nathdanai explains that designing packaging requires a combination of art and science. Art is used to combining colors, layouts, and images to produce attractive packaging. Science determines the best material for a particular product by considering the reactions between the packaging and the product. Packaging has several uses: providing information, transporting, storing, and protecting products. Packaging can extend the product’s life by using active agents to prevent the product from oxidizing. Even so, products and packaging are expected to be more durable and environmentally friendly to reduce packaging waste. Packaging waste can cause climate change and global warming. Recycling, reducing use, reusing, making compost, and using bioplastics is the solution to reducing packaging waste.

In the third session, Prof. Hitoshi Shirakawa explained the material about Rice Bran as a Functional Food: An Overview of The Conversion of Rice Bran into a Superfood/ Functional Food. This session was moderated by Wahyu Dwi Saputra, S.T.P., M.Agr.Sc.,Ph.D. Prof. Shirakawa, in this session, explained that In Japan, the rice brain is used for the production of rice oil (37,5%), feed for livestock (7%), mushroom cultivation (9,5%), and others (46%). Prof. Shirakawa also explains the process of rice bran oil and its by-products: lecithin, ceramide, inositol, phytic acid, rice bran protein, ?-oryzanol, ferulic acid, phytosterol, triterpene alcohol, tocopherol, tocotrienol, and rice oil. In summary, we know that FRB supplementation reduces muscle atrophy in diabetic muscle atrophy by partially preventing muscle size reduction. FRB supplementation reduced the activation of NF-kB and interfered with the TNF-? feedback loop that may exacerbate its activation, resulting in the decrease of FBXO32/atrogin-1 and TRIM63/MuRF1 protein levels. And also, the functional components in FRB act as anti-inflammatory agents, which may ultimately result in a protective effect against muscle atrophy in diabetic complications.

The last session by Dr. Shivani Pathania on the topic of New Product Development and Food Packaging Solutions. In the session led by Ashri Nugrahini, S.T.P., M. Sc., Dr. Shivani explained that product and packaging innovation continues to grow. The development of packaging and food can give food a longer life and reduce food waste. Examples of these innovations are various packaging seals such as tray sealing, form sealing, thermoforming, cartons, form sealing, and can seaming. In addition, packaging design methods such as UC bowl, flow pack, and downgauging are packaging design methods by reducing plastic and are environmentally friendly.

The Summer Course organized by the Faculty of Agricultural Technology UGM has entered its 2nd day on Tuesday, August 9, 2022. The series of events on the second day started at 06.45, which started with the opening by the presenter. Then continued with the first session, namely the presentation of material by Asst. Prof Xiongzhe Han, Ph.D. After the first session ended, it was followed by a Virtual Field Trip and group discussion. The second session started at 09.45 and was hosted by Andri Prima Nugroho, S.T.P., M.Sc., Ph.D. After the break session, the presentation of the material was continued by Prof. Takashi Okayasu, Ph.D at 13.00 as the third session. Today’s activity ended with the presentation of material from Asst. Prof. Ravipim Chaveesuk at 3pm.

The first session was hosted by Asst. Prof. Xiongzhe Han, Ph.D. which is entitled Agricultural Robotics, Remote Sensing and Sensor Development in The Agro-Industry Sector. This session was accompanied by Mrs. Aryanis Mutia Zahra, S.T.P., M.Si as a moderator. Prof. Han explained about Digital Agriculture (DA) and his research such as Auto-Guided Agricultural Field Machinery and UAV-based Precision Agriculture and High Throughput Field Phenotyping. Unmanned farming systems based on digital agriculture can work with autonomous driving farming machines operated in groups using advanced technologies such as 5G, GNSS, AI, and Drones.

Before switching to the next sessions, participants were welcome to see a virtual field trip with the theme of implementing smart farming on local farmers. This virtual field trip shows how Mr. Mino as a representative of local farmers is slowly starting to switch to using technology. The technology that Mr. Mino uses in his garden is called the Field Monitoring System. The Field Monitoring System (FMS) itself is capable of monitoring the real-time state of the land with various sensors such as temperature sensors, humidity, sun intensity, and rain. Data from the sensor will then be forwarded and stored in the cloud and can be accessed via a smartphone. This tool is expected to help farmers and make many young people interested in becoming millennial farmers. After seeing the footage of the field trip, the participants were then divided into several breakout rooms according to their respective groups. In the breakout room, the participants discussed the pros and cons of smart farming, then each group of participants would make a presentation on the results of the discussion.

The second lecture was given by Andri Prima Nugroho, S.T.P., M.Sc., Ph.D entitled The Role of Smart Agriculture to Support Food Security. This session was accompanied by Dr. (cand) Deffa Rahadiyan, S,Si. as a moderator. There are 3 stages of the adaptation of precision agriculture in tropical environments. They are human based, technology based, and the important thing is knowledge based.  If we want to go to smart farming we should realize that there is gap analysis from the existing condition to the ideal condition. So we should combine several knowledge (smart agriculture framework) into 4 research groups to know what the best thing to do to remove the gap. The 4 research groups are called smart agriculture frameworks. The first group is environmental monitoring and assessment. The second is Plant monitoring & assessment. Thirdly is autonomous and agricultural machinery. And the last is knowledge & information management. 

The third lecture was given by Prof. Takashi Okayasu, Ph.D who explained the material on Visualization of Plant Phenotype Using Computer Vision. This session was moderated by Muhammad Khoiru Zaki, S.P., M.P., Ph.D. Prof. Takashi in this session explained that agricultural products must be connected from the production side to the consumer side. We must be able to create a sustainable cycle between farmers and consumers in order to maintain the supply chain of agricultural products. However, if we want to maintain the supply chain of agricultural products, we must know the cost of planting. So we have to get information from plants. Prof. Takashi Okayasu developed computer vision to obtain information from plants. This computer vision is developed with various sensors such as sensors for humidity and TST. These sensors will then help maximize the photosynthetic process that occurs during the growth of the plant phenotype. The data information obtained from the sensor can be used to monitor environmental conditions in the planting area so that it can help make decisions about the treatment to be carried out on plants. Takashi Okayasu uses Arduino programming to activate the agricultural sensors.

  The fourth session which was also the last session was presented by Asst. Prof. Ravipim Chaveesuk. Mrs. Ravipim presentation entitled “The Implementation of Computational Intelligence (Neural Network and Fuzzy Logic) in the Agricultural System”. This session was accompanied by Mr. Imam Bagus N, S.Si. M.Sc. as a moderator. Mrs. Ravipim explained data analytics is the process of analyzing raw data to extract actionable information and insights. There are three components of data analysis such as business knowledge; mathematics, statistics, data visualization, machine learning, deep learning; and programming. In addition, data analytics has stages depending on the level of difficulty and value. They are Descriptive, Diagnostic, Predictive and Prescriptive Data Analytics. Descriptive data analysis is considered past data to answer what happened which generally considers one variable. Data diagnostics is to consider past data and analyze it. Predictive data analytics uses past data to predict what will happen tomorrow or in other words what to expect. And finally, prescriptive data analytics is making decisions. Some big data are known as 3V such as volume, speed, and variation. Data analysis is typically used by these top sectors such as marketing, sales, social media, credit and insurance, and manufacturing.